Welsh: verschil tussen versies

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Evil berry (overleg | bijdragen)
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Evil berry (overleg | bijdragen)
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Regel 1:
'''Welsh''' is een Keltische taal, die behoort tot de Eiland- of P-Keltische subgroep. Het Welsh wordt door ongeveer 700.000 mensen gesproken, voornamelijk in Wales en in een Welshe kolonie in Patagonië (Argentinië), maar ook in het Verenigd Koninkrijk, de Verenigde Staten van Amerika, Canada, Australië en Nieuw-Zeeland. Het Welsh wordt geschreven in een variant van het Latijnse alfabet, dat werd aangepast aan de behoefte van het Welsh. Zo kent het Welsh de digrafen ''ch'', ''dd'', ''ff'', ''ng'', ''ll'', ''ph'', ''rh'', ''th'' die als één letter beschouwd worden.
<!--Te vertalen
==Alphabet==
{| class="wikitable"
! Letter
! Name of letter
! Corresponding sounds
! as in
|-
| a
| ''â''
| {{IPA|/a, ɑː/}}
| hat
|-
| b
| ''bî''
| {{IPA|/b/}}
|bag
|-
| c
| ''èc''
| {{IPA|/k/}}
|cat
|-
| ch
| ''ech''
| {{IPA|/x/}}
| like Scottish 'loch'
|-
| d
| ''dî''
| {{IPA|/d/}}
| dog
|-
| dd
| ''èdd''
| {{IPA|/ð/}}
| th
|-
| e
| ''ê''
| {{IPA|/ɛ, eː/}}
| pen
|-
| f
| ''èf''
| {{IPA|/v/}}
| v
|-
| ff
| ''èff''
| {{IPA|/f/}}
| f
|-
| g
| ''èg''
| {{IPA|/g/}}
| get
|-
| ng
| ''èng''
| {{IPA|/ŋ/}}
| song
|-
| h
| ''âets''
| {{IPA|/h/}}
| hat
|-
| i
| ''î''
| {{IPA|/ɪ, iː/}}
| pin
|-
| l
| ''èl''
| {{IPA|/l/}}
| lava
|-
| ll
| ''ell''
| {{IPA|/ɬ/}}
|
|-
| m
| ''èm''
| {{IPA|/m/}}
| mum
|-
| n
| ''en''
| {{IPA|/n/}}
| name
|-
| o
| ''ô''
| {{IPA|/ɔ, oː/}}
| hot
|-
| p
| ''pî''
| {{IPA|/p/}}
| please
|-
| ph
| ''ffî''
| {{IPA|/f/}}
| f
|-
| r
| ''èr''
| {{IPA|/r/}}
| rolled r
|-
| rh
| ''rhî'', ''rhô''
| {{IPA|/r̥/}}
|
|-
| s
| ''ès''
| {{IPA|/s/}}
| sit
|-
| t
| ''tî''
| {{IPA|/t/}}
| top
|-
| th
| ''èth''
| {{IPA|/θ/}}
| think
|-
| u
| ''û''
| {{IPA|/ɨ̞, ɨː/}} (N), {{IPA|/ɪ, iː/}} (S)
| ee
|-
| w
| ''ŵ''
| {{IPA|/ʊ, uː/}}
| oooooo
|-
| y
| ŷ
| {{IPA|/ɨ̞, ɨː, ə/}} (N), {{IPA|/ɪ, iː, ə/}} (S)
|
|}
* ''h'' indicates voicelessness in ''mh, nh,'' and ''ngh''.
* ''ph'' occurs occasionally in words derived from Greek (e.g. ''phenol'') but more commonly as a result of aspirate mutation (e.g. ''ei phen-ôl'')
* ''y'' indicates {{IPA|/ə/}} in unstressed monosyllabic words (e.g. ''y'' "the", ''fy'' "my") or non-final syllables, but {{IPA|/ɨ̞, ɨː/}} (N) or {{IPA|/ɪ, iː/}} (S) everywhere else.
* The digraphs (letters consisting of two characters) are treated as a single letter (with the collation order as listed above), although the same combinations of characters can sometimes also arise as a juxtaposition of two separate letters. For example, the digraph ''ng'' representing {{IPA|/ŋ/}} is alphabetised between ''g'' and ''h'' (alphabetical order ''llegach'', ''lleng'', ''lleiaf''), but when ''ng'' is two letters representing {{IPA|/ŋg/}} it is alphabetised between ''nf'' and ''nh'' (alphabetical order ''danfon'', ''dangos'', ''danheddog'').
* ''si'' indicates {{IPA|/ʃ/}} when followed by a vowel
*''di'' and ''ti'' sometimes indicate {{IPA|/dʒ/}} and {{IPA|/tʃ/}} respectively when followed by a vowel. Otherwise {{IPA|/dʒ/}} and {{IPA|/tʃ/}} are spelled ''j'' and ''ts'', but only in loanwords like ''jẁg'' "jug" and ''wats'' "watch".
 
a b c ch d dd e f ff g ng h i l ll m n o p ph r rh s t th u w y
A B C Ch D Dd E F Ff G Ng H I J L Ll M N O P Ph R Rh S T Th U W Y
 
And saying it out loud :
ah bee ec ech dee eh edd ef eff eg eng aytch ee jay el ell em en o pee phee er ar-aytch es tee eth eu oo uh
-->
==Externe link==
*[http://website.leidenuniv.nl/~jongelingk/projects/wlshintr/welshgrammar/wg00les.html {{Aut|K. Jongeling}}, ''Welshe Grammatica voor Beginners'', website.leidenuniv.nl (2005).]
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